1. I would like to thank the Research Board of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign for awarding me an Arnold 0. Beckman Research Award to support research in
France on this project.
2. On the French coronation, see Richard Jackson, Vive le Roil A History of the
French Coronation Ceremony from Chanes V to Charles X (Chapel Hill, 1984).
3. For a list of surviving copies of royal ordines. see Richard Jackson, "Les
ordines des couronnements royaux," Le sacre des rois: Actes du Colloque international
d'histoire sur les sacres et couronnements myaux (Reims, 1975) (Paris, 1985), pp. 63-74; and
Jackson, Vive le Roi!, pp. 279-80.
1. For instance, the colophon in Charles V's book makes clear that it was completed in
1365, the year after Charles V's and Jeanne de Bourbon's coronation. For this, see Claire Richter
Sherman, "The Queen in Charles V's Coronation Book: Jeanne de Bourbon and the
Ordo ad Reginam Benedicendam," Viator 8 (1977), 261-62.
5. The other books are: a manuscript described by Ieroquais as a fragment of a pontifical
from Châlons-sur-Marne (Paris, Bibliothèque Nationale, ms. lat. 1246) which dates
c. 1250 and contains fifteen miniatures and historiated initials illustrating the king's coronation
ceremony; Charles V's Coronation Book in London (London, British Library, Cotton Tiberius, B.
VIII) dated 1365 and containing forty miniatures commemorating Charles V's and Jeanne de
Bourbon's coronation; and a manuscript in the Vatican (Rome, Vatican Library, Chigi 468) which
has one illustration.
For previous discussion of the ordo, see Harry Bober, "The Coronation Book of
Charles IV and Jeanne d'Evreux," Rare Books: Notes on the History of Old Books and
Manuscripts published for the Friends and Clients of H. P. Kraus, 8.3 (1958), 1-12. Bober's
suggestion that the book was made for use in the coronation of Charles IV's third wife, Jeanne
d'Evreux, on May 11, 1326, is the most frequenfly quoted of his claims in this article.
For discussion of B.N. Ms. Lat. 1246, see Victor Leroquais, Les pontificaux manuscrits
des bibliothques de France, 4 vols.
page 20
Paris, 1937), vol II, pp. 145-46; Robert Branner, Manuscript Painting in Paris During the
Reign of Saint Louis (Berkeley and Los Angeles, 1977), particularly pp. 211 and 225;
Jackson, "Les ordines de couronnement royaux," p. 67; Jacques Le Goff, "A Coronation
Program for the Age of Saint Louis: The Ordo of 1250," in J. M. Bak, ed. Coronation:
Medieval and Early Modern Monarchic Ritual (Berkeley, 1990), pp. 46-57; and Jean-Claude
Bonne, "The Manuscript of the Ordo of 1250 and Its Illuminations," ibid., pp. 58-71. Both
Jackson and Bonne disagree with Leroquais's idea that the book was a fragment, and Bonne cites
codicological evidence to support that B.N. Ms. lat. 1246 is complete.
For discussion of Charles V's Coronation Book, see E. S. Dewick, ed., The Coronation
Book of Charles V of France (Cottonian Ms. Tiberius), Henry Bradshaw Society, 16
(London, 1899); Paris, Grand Palais, Fastes du gothique (Paris, 1981), pp. 342-25,
no. 279; Claire Sherman, The Poriraits of Chavies V of France (New York, 1969),
pp. 34-37; "The Queen", 255-98; and "Taking a Second Look: Observations on the
Iconography of a French Queen: Jeanne de Bourbon (1338-1378)," in Feminism and Art
History, ed. by Norma Broude and Mary Garrard (New York, 1982), pp. 101-17. I
would like to thank Guy Lanoe for drawing Vatican Chigi 468 to my attention.
6. For a discussion of the last Capetian ordo, see Jackson, Vive le Roi!,
pp. 26-27 and 223; and "Les ordines de couronnement," pp. 68-70. For an edition of the
text, see Edmond Martène, De antiquis ecclesiae ritibus, 2nd edition, 4 vols.
(Antwerp, 1736), II, 223-27. The Ordo at the University of Illinois is mentioned by Sherman,
"The Queen," p. 261, n. 20, and p. 263; and by Jackson, "Les ordines," p. 69.
Jackson has located fourteen copies of the ordo that date from the thirteenth to the
sixteenth centuries. No copies of the last Capetina ordo that predate that in the
University of Illinois's collection are illustrated. For the most current list, see Jackson, "Les
ordines," p. 73, n. 36.
7. The ordo is missing up to ten folios at the beginning and three folios after fol.
4. These almost certainly would have been illustrated. The collation of the manuscript as reflected
in its signatures is as follows: gathering 1 missing, 28 (1st, 2nd, 7th and 8th folios
missing), 38 (1st folio missing), 48, 54.
page 21
8. The last Capetian ordo was the first of the French ordines to merge a
directory (directions for applying the ordo) with the prayers, hymns, and antiphons that
consti~te the ordo proper. The directory describing the action is given in the form of ru-
brics. This practice of including the directory in the ordo continued in subsequent
ordines. For this see Jackson, Vive le Roi!, p. 24-25 and 27.
9. Fol. 1: "Gladium debet rex humiliter recipere de manu archepiscopi et offerre ad .....
10. Fol. 21: "Post istam orationem datur regine ab archiepiscopo
sceptrum modicum alterius modi quem sceptrum regium. .
For an earlier discussion of this same point in the Coronation Book of Charles V from
1365, see Sherman, "The Queen," p. 279.
11. Fol. 7v-8: "Hic ungatur unctione chrismatis & olei de celo missi prius ab
archiepiscopo confecti in pathena, sicut superius dicturn esL Inungat autem archiepiscopus eum
primo in summitate capitis de dicta unctione, secundo in pectore; tertio inter scapulas, quarto in
ipsis scapulis, quinto in compagibus brachiorum, & dicat cullibet unctioni."
12. The arms of Jeanne d'Evreux are France (azur semé de fleur-de-lis or)
impaled with Evreux (azur sem´ fleur-de-lis or, á la bande componné
d'argent et de gules), and the other arms are Laval (or á la croix de gules chargée
de cinq coquilles d'argent et cantonnée de seize alérions d'azur) impaled with
Evreux. These arms pose certain problems which will be discussed more fully below.
13. The rubic (fols. 17-17v) reads: "His expletis, archiepiscopus cum paribus coronam
sustentatibus regem taliter insignitum deducit in solium sibi praepara turn, fericis stratum &
omatum, ubi collocat eum in sede eminenti; unde ab omnibus possit videri:
quem in sede sua taliter residentem mox archiepiscopus mitra deposita osculatur dicens:
Vivat Rex in aternum. Et post eum episcopi et laici pares qui eius coronam
sustentant hoc idem dicentes. . . ."
14. This rubric (fol. 22) states: Post istam orationem barones qui coronam, eius
sustentant, deducunt earn ad folium, ubi in sede parata collocatur, circumstantibus earn baronibus
et matronis nobilioribus. . . ."
page 22
15. I would like to thank Bridgette Bedos Rezak and Hervé Pinoteau for
discussing this heraldic problem with me.
I found no record of marriage between these two families or representations of the
Laval/Evreux coat of arms in Pere Anselme, Histoire de la maison royale de France et
des grandes officiers de la couronne, 9 vols. (Paris, 1726-33); Bertrand de Broussillon
and Paul de Farcy, Sigillographie des seigneurs de Laval 1095-1605 (Mamers,
1888); Bertrand de Broussillon, La maison de Laval 1020-1605, 5 vols. (Paris,
1894-1903); or Brigette Bedos, La châtellenie de Montmorency des origines
á 1368 (Pontoise, 1980).
A recuell copying assorted documents recording court expenses
(Bibilothèque nationale mss. fr. 7855-7856) contains a transcription of the payments
for dresses and livery for the participants in Jeanne d'Evreux's coronation (found in B. N. ms.
fr. 7855, pp. 297-325). This exhaustive list does not include anyone who might have borne
impaled arms of Laval/Evreux, but it does attest that both of Jeanne d'Evreux's sisters--the
"Duchesse de Braaban" and the "Contesse de Bouloingne"--participated in the ceremony.
16. Unfortunately no visible evidence survives to make identification of the original arms
possible. If the Laval side of the armcrial bearings was added, the artist scraped away rather than
repainted the preceeding arms. There seems to be signs of repaint and the remnant of a previous
oudine for arms visible just to the left of the Laval side on fols. 10 and 14; and on fol. 18v the
Laval/Evreux arms are squeezed into a one-line high initial of a type that only contains pen
flourishes when it occurs elsewhere in the manuscript. The fleur-de-lis in this initial on fol. 18v are
different in form from those on the untouched Evreux side of the arms of Laval/Evreux on fols.
10, 14, and 20, supporting my suggestion that the one-line initial was repainted and the Laval
sides inserted.
17. This theory was advanced by Richard Farniglietti in conversations and letters of
August 1989. I would like to thank him for his generosity in sharing his thoughts with me.
18. Broussillon and Farcy, Sigillographie, p. 85.
19. For reproduction of these arms (quartered, in the first quarter France, in the second
and third Laval, in the fourth, Evreux, with a small coat-of-arms of Vitré over all), see
Broussillon and Farcy, Sigillographie, p. 91, pls. 134-35.
20. This label, which reads "Fragment d'un manuscript servant au sacre des rois pris lors
du pillage de la cathedrale de Rheims," was described when the University of Illinois acquired it
from H.P. Kraus but appears to have been lost in subsequent rebinding. I would like to thank Mrs.
Kit Currie of H.P. Kraus for sending me information about the previous binding.
21. This point was first made by Claire Sherman, see Sherman, "The Queen," p. 261.
