1. Daniel T. Kline, "Textuality, Subjectivity, and Violence: Theorizing the Figure of the
Child in Middle English Literature," Essays in Medieval Studies 12 (1995), 23-38.
Available online at EMS 12
2. Jacques Derrida, Of Grammatology, trans. Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak (Baltimore,
1976), p. 112.
3. Pearl, in The Poems of the Pearl Manuscript, ed. Malcolm Andrew and Ronald
Waldron (Berkeley, 1978), line 59. All citations to the poem are from this edition and will be
cited parenthetically in the text.
4. The English Elegy: Studies in the Genre from Spenser to Yeats (Baltimore, 1987).
