1. A. Momigliano, "Popular religious beliefs and the late Roman historians", in G.J. Cuming and D. Baker, ed., Popular Belief and Practice: Studies in Church History 8 (Cambridge, 1972), p. 18.
. Momigliano, "Popular religious beliefs and the late Roman historians", p. 17.
3. One might reasonably single out P. Brown, The Cult of the Saints (Chicago, 1981). See also P. Brown, "Relics and social status in the Age of Gregory of Tours", in Society and the Holy in Late Antiquity (London, 1982), pp. 239-40.
4. Momigliano, "Popular religious beliefs and the late Roman historians", p. 4.
5. Gregory, Liber de Virtutibus sancti Martini, 2, 1; 3, 60 (hereafter LVSM), ed., B. Krusch, Monumenta Germaniae Historica, Scriptores Rerum Merovingicarum 1, 2 (Hannover, 1885; hereafter MGH, SRM), trans. R. Van Dam, Saints and their miracles in Late Antique Gaul (Princeton, 1993).
6. Gregory, Liber in Gloria Martyrum, 83, ed., B. Krusch, MGH, SRM 1, 2 (Hannover, 1885): trans. R. Van Dam, Gregory of Tours: Glory of the Martyrs (Liverpool, 1988), hereafter LGM.
7. C. Straw, Gregory the Great: Perfection in Imperfection (Berkeley, 1988), pp. 67-74.
8. Indiculus superstitionum et paganiarum, 5, 9, 19, ed. R. Rau, Bonifatii Epistulae, Willibaldi Vita Bonifatii (Darmstadt, 1968).
9. For a consideration of this issue within a pagan context see I.N. Wood, "Pagan religion and superstitions east of the Rhine from the fifth to the ninth century", in G. Ausenda, ed., After Empire (Woodbridge, 1995), pp. 253-268.
10. Brown, "Relics and social status in the Age of Gregory of Tours", p. 230.
11. R. Van Dam, Gregory of Tours, The Glory of the Confessors (Liverpool, 1988), pp. 12-3.
12. Jonas, Vita Columbani, II 9, ed. B. Krusch, MGH, SRM (Hannover, 1905).
13. Gregory, Liber de Virtutibus sancti Juliani, 45, ed., B. Krusch, MGH, SRM, 1, 2: trans. Van Dam, Saints and their miracles in Late Antique Gaul.
14. Bede, Vita Cuthberti, 3, ed. B. Colgrave, Two Lives of Saint Cuthbert (Cambridge, 1940).
15. Gregory, Liber in Gloria Confessorum (hereafter LGC), 32, ed., B. Krusch, MGH, SRM 1, 2: trans. R. Van Dam, Gregory of Tours, The Glory of the Confessors (Liverpool, 1988).
16. See on this issue S. Reynolds, "Social mentalities and the case of medieval scepticism", Transactions of the Royal Historical Society, 6th series, 1 (1991), pp. 21-41.
17. Brown, "Relics and social status in the Age of Gregory of Tours", p. 239.
18. E.g. P. Geary, Living with the Dead in the Middle Ages (Ithaca, 1994), pp. 95-124.
19. See I. N. Wood, "The Irish and social subversion in the Early Middle Ages", in Irland, Gesellschaft und Kultur VI, ed. D. Siegmund-Schultze (Halle, 1989), p. 267.
20. Anskar, Miracula Willehadi, 2, Acta Sanctorum, November III, pp. 847-91, and Anskar, Miracula Willehadi, 9.
21. Momigliano, "Popular religious beliefs and the late Roman historians," p. 17.
22. Even Gregory was aware that a saint's presence could not be relied on: Gregory, LSVM, 2, 25. See also Brown, "Relics and social status in the Age of Gregory of Tours", p. 248.
23. I.N. Wood, "Early medieval devotion in town and country", in D. Baker, ed., The Church in Town and Countyside: Studies in Church History 16 (Oxford, 1979), p. 64
24. Pactus Legis Salicae, 9, ed., K.A. Eckhardt, MGH Legum Sectio 1, Leges Nationum Germanicarum 4, 1Hannover, 1962).
25. Liber Constitutionum, 45, ed., L.R. de Salis, Leges Burgundionum, MGH, Legum Sectio 1, Leges Nationum Germanicarum 2 (Hannover, 1892).
26. See the discussion in I.N. Wood, "Disputes in late fifth- and sixth-century Gaul: some problems", in W. Davies and P. Fouracre, The Settlement of Disputes in Early Medieval Europe (Cambridge, 1986), pp. 15-18.
27. Gregory, Libri Historiarum, 4, 20; 5, 14; 7, 21, 29, 43; 8, 6; 10, 31, ed. B. Krusch and W. Levison, MGH, SRM 1, 1 (Hannover, 1951).
28. The legislation is that of the Codex Theodosianus, 9, 45, 4, ed. T. Mommsen and M. Meyer (Berlin, 1904-5): the Code was, however, the law applicable in church cases in Merovingian Gaul.
29. A. Murray, Reason and Society in the Middle Ages (Oxford, 1978), 135. Gregory, LVSJ, 28.
30. Sidonius Apollinaris, ep. 5, 17., ed., A. Loyen, Sidoine Apollinaire (Paris, 1960-70).
31. Avitus, Homilia in Rogationibus, ed. R. Peiper, MGH, Auctores Antiquissimi, 6, 2 (Berlin, 1883).
32. Vita Caesarii, I, 27, ed. B. Krusch, MGH, SRM 3 (Hannover, 1896): trans. W.E. Klingshirn, Caesarius of Arles: Life, Testament, Letters (Liverpool, 1994).
33. Van Dam, Saints and their miracles in Late Antique Gaul, pp. 50-81.